Symptoms of heart disease in children

Pediatric heart disease is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. The aetiology differs between adults and children. There are currently no established guidelines for the management of heart failure in adults, but there is no similar consensus for children. Heart failure at birth is caused by cardiomyopathy of the fetus or conditions outside the heart (eg, sepsis, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia).

Symptoms of heart disease in children

How is heart failure diagnosed in children? Heart failure is often accompanied by difficulty breathing, malnutrition, poor growth, excessive sweating, or even low blood pressure. But heart failure may not be obvious and present as colic, pneumonia or other respiratory infections. Older children and teens may notice that they tire quickly, especially if a viral infection has damaged the heart muscle. If doctors suspect that a child may have symptoms of heart failure, a chest X-ray can determine whether or not the heart is enlarged. This is one of the most common symptoms of heart disease in children.

Diagnosis of heart failure in children

Heart disease is diagnosed in children, and this is a symptom of early heart disease through several methods, including:

Electrocardiogram

It is used in chronic heart failure, an abnormal ECG increases the risk of heart failure.

Echocardiogram

Echocardiography provides real-time data on heart shape and structure, chamber sizes/diameters, wall thickness, ventricular systolic/diastolic function and pulmonary pressure. These data are essential for the correct diagnosis and prescribing adequate treatment.

Chest x-ray

It is used in all cases of children with suspected heart failure to assess heart size and check for other signs of heart failure, such as pulmonary edema, septal lines, and pleural effusion.

Cardiac magnetic resonance

It is indicated for the study of complicated heart failure.

Cardiac sample

Only high-risk surgery should be performed to confirm the clinical diagnosis of myocarditis and to select appropriate management (eg, giant cell myocarditis).

Prevention of heart failure in children

Although heart disease in children and teens usually does not show symptoms of heart disease, the buildup of plaque (fat deposits) can start in childhood and have a serious impact on their adult life. A well-balanced diet high in fiber and low in fat is essential for children and adolescents. It is also important that children do not overindulge in snacks between meals. There is now strong evidence that obesity is a risk factor for coronary artery events in adulthood. Parents can prevent obesity in their children by encouraging them to be active at school and at home, while also limiting their sedentary activities such as setting aside time to watch TV, use a computer and other sedentary activities.

risk factors

Risk factors in childhood and adolescence that can be directly linked to heart disease in adulthood include obesity, an inactive lifestyle, smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Some of these factors can be altered, manipulated, or altered, and some cannot. Many risk factors can be controlled in the early stages of a child’s life, thus reducing the risk of heart disease later in life. There are other factors that are passed down through the family (hereditary factors) or are caused by another disease.

Causes of heart failure in children

Heart disease in children can be caused by abnormal heart valves. An abnormally shaped valve that does not close properly causes blood to leak backward. Finally, even a low blood level (anemia) can cause heart failure. These defects lead to problems with excessive blood circulation.

Treating heart defects in children

• open heart surgery
• Cardiac catheterization procedures
• Drugs
• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and ventricular assist devices (VADs)
• Heart transplantation is rarely done

urgent care

Heart failure or cyanosis that occurs in the first week after birth is a medical emergency. Doctors often insert a thin catheter (catheter) into a vein in a newborn baby’s umbilical cord, so they can give medication more easily and quickly. Medications, such as prostaglandins, are given intravenously to reduce the workload on the heart and improve the amount of oxygen that can be supplied to the body. Newborns can also be ventilated so they can breathe more easily. Newborns with certain deformities may also need oxygen.

open heart surgery

Many serious heart defects can be effectively corrected with open-heart surgery. The right time to perform surgery depends on the nature of the heart defect, its symptoms, and its severity. If possible, it is usually best to postpone surgery until the child is a little older. However, newborns with severe symptoms related to a heart defect in the first days or weeks after birth should be offered surgery. Repair of some complex heart defects can be very difficult in the first few weeks, and an open-heart procedure may be required to stabilize the infant and delay the need for further corrective intervention.

Cardiac catheterization

Cardiac catheterization is a procedure in which a thin catheter is inserted into a vein or artery in the groin and moved to the heart for diagnosis or treatment. Other cardiac techniques are sometimes used, including the umbilical vein (umbilicus) of newborns. Narrowed heart structures can sometimes be widened by inserting a catheter. A balloon attached to the catheter is inflated and widens the stenosis, usually in the valve (a technique called balloon valvuloplasty) or blood vessels (a technique called balloon angioplasty).

Drugs

When blood flow to the body or to the lungs is severely blocked in a newborn baby, a drug called a prostaglandin may be given to keep the ductus arteriosus open and save the baby’s life. Other medications commonly used in children with a heart defect include:

• A diuretic, such as furosemide, that helps remove excess fluid from the body and lungsACE inhibitors, such as captopril, enalapril, or
• lisinopril (which make blood vessels elastic and make the heart pump easier)
• Digoxin, which allows the heart to pump harder
• Milrinone, a powerful medicine given intravenously to stimulate the heart to beat faster and to calm the blood vessels

Cardiac assist devices

In recent years, sophisticated mechanical devices have been used to support cardiac activity in children with severe heart failure who do not respond to medication.

heart transplant

In rare cases, when all other treatments fail, a heart transplant is performed, but this intervention is limited by the availability of donor hearts.

Long term medications

Treatment of infants and older children includes giving medications and adjusting their diet (including limiting salt intake, increasing calories, and limiting fluids). These remedies help calm the heart. Some children, who have serious heart defects or have had surgery to correct a heart defect, need to take antibiotics before visiting the dentist and before certain surgeries (especially on the respiratory system). These antibiotics help prevent a serious heart infection called endocarditis.

Symptoms of heart disease in young people

They are clinical features that can be seen or measured. Symptoms cannot be observed directly. Signs and symptoms will depend on the type and severity of the heart disease, the activity level of the young person, and the amount of treatment given thus far.

Heart disease in youth can have different signs and symptoms that vary in severity. This page lists common signs and symptoms of heart disease and explains why signs and symptoms are different when assessing the characteristics of a condition or disease.

What is the difference between tag and view?

Signs and symptoms are not the same. A sign is a clinical feature of a disease or disorder that the doctor is looking for. It is something that can be seen or evaluated. This includes things like flushing or a heart murmur, which are things the patient may not necessarily feel.

A symptom is something the patient feels or complains about, such as fatigue or pain. Symptoms cannot be observed directly. Signs and symptoms are evaluated for diagnosis.

What are the symptoms of heart disease?

Symptoms and signs vary depending on the type and severity of the heart disorder, the young person’s activity level, and whether they have been treated for the heart disorder. Possible symptoms of heart disease are:

• fast heartbeat
• Difficulty breathing (shortness of breath).
• Inability to develop (poor growth)
• Decreased exercise tolerance
• palpitations
• Fainting/dizziness
• Source
• abnormal breathing
• abnormal heart rate
• Low blood pressure
• Edema (swelling) is an early symptom of heart disease

Symptoms of heart disease in women

Many say that the symptoms of heart disease in men, the symptoms of heart disease, are less than the symptoms of heart disease in women. The diagnosis of women with heart disease is much lower than that of men, and this is also the reason for the deterioration of the conditions of many women with heart disease. Symptoms of heart disease in women are chest pain is the most common symptom in both sexes, but women are also more likely to suffer from the following symptoms:

• Unusual fatigue that gets worse during activity.
• difficulty breathing.
• anxiety.
• A feeling of tightness and pain in the chest that may extend to the neck, jaw, and shoulders.
• general weakness
• Pale skin than usual.
• sweating.
• Heartburn that is not relieved by antacids.
• Nausea that is not relieved by antacids.

Some women have a few of these symptoms, while others experience them all at once. Symptoms may appear suddenly and then disappear. In addition, many women say they had these symptoms for up to a month before their heart attack. If you experience any of these symptoms and think you may be having a heart attack, go to the nearest emergency medical center.

Some children with pediatric heart disease require surgery to correct heart defects, and they also need to take antibiotics regularly before visiting the dentist and before certain surgeries (especially on the respiratory system). Most children with a heart defect should all take care of their teeth and gums to reduce the risk of infection spreading to the heart.